Target 2.1

By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round.

Methodology:

The index is obtained as the cumulative probability that the daily habitual dietary energy intake (x) is below the lower end of the range of normal dietary energy requirements for that actor, or average individual (MDER), as in the formula below:

PoU=∫_(x <MDER) f(x| DEC; CV; Skew)dx

Where f(x) is the probability density function of an individual's calorie consumption.

The parameters necessary to calculate the index are: average level of dietary energy consumption (DEC); A cut-off point defined as the minimum dietary energy requirement (MDER); Coefficient of variation (CV) as a parameter to calculate inequality in food consumption; The skewness parameter (Skew) represents the asymmetry in the distribution. The DEC as well as the MDER are updated annually, with the former calculated from the FAO Food Balance Tables Where DEC, CV and Skew are the means, coefficient of variation and skewness characterizing the distribution of usual dietary energy intake levels across the population. The average distribution of dietary energy intake levels for the average individual in a population (DEC) corresponds, by definition, to the average level of daily food consumption per capita in the population. The various parameters of the model (DEC = µ), standard deviation = σ, and the distribution of the z-score dietary energy consumption function can be estimated as follows:

σ = √(ln⁡(〖CV〗^(2 ) )+1 )

µ=ln(µ)-σ^2/2

z=(ln(λ)-µ)/σ

Where ln(λ) is the Napierian logarithm of the average calories required per person as a final value. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the usual food consumption of the representative individual in the population and the coefficient of skewness (Skew) is also determined from the household survey data according to the methodology of the FAO Statistics Division. See:

http://www.fao.org/3/i4046e/i4046e.pdf

Data Source:

Ministry of Public Health and National Planning Council Calculation.

Methodology:

The index is obtained as the cumulative probability that the daily habitual dietary energy intake (x) is below the lower end of the range of normal dietary energy requirements for that actor, or average individual (MDER), as in the formula below:

Data at the individual or household level is collected by applying an experience-based food security scale questionnaire within a survey. The food security survey module collects answers to questions asking respondents to report the occurrence of several typical experiences and conditions associated with food insecurity. The data is analysed using the Rasch model (also known as the one-parameter logistic model, 1-PL), which postulates that the probability of observing an affirmative answer by respondent i to question j, is a logistic function of the distance, on an underlying scale of severity, between the position of the respondent, a_i, and that of the item, b¬_j.

Data Source:

Global Food Security Index 2022 by The Economist Newspaper Limited 2022.